Angry Penguins was originally the title of a modern Australian art and literary magazine published at the University of Adelaide in 1940 and in Melbourne from 1943. The magazine provided a platform for a group of young painters working in the Expressionist style who were trying to create authentic Australian art free from European influences. The artists were opposed by a group of social realist painters and the debate between the two factions in the pages of Angry Penguins became an art movement and helped make Melbourne a vibrant artistic centre in the early 1940s. The Angry Penguins were seen as "angry" young people who expressed a loud and aggressive revolutionary modernism and represented the new language, as well as the new painting of Australia.
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